Greenness Index from Phenocams Performs Well in Linking Climatic Factors and Monitoring Grass Phenology in a Temperate Prairie Ecosystem     

ZHOU Yuke 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(5):481-493

Near-surface remote sensing (e.g., digital cameras) has played an important role in capturing plant phenological metrics at either a focal or landscape scale. Exploring the relationship of the digital image-based greenness index (e.g., Gcc, green chromatic coordinate) with that derived from satellites is critical for land surface process research. Moreover, our understanding of how well Gcc time series associate with environmental variables at field stations in North American prairies remains limited. This paper investigated the response of grass Gcc to daily environmental factors in 2018, such as soil moisture (temperature), air temperature, and solar radiation. Thereafter, using a derivative-based phenology extraction method, we evaluated the correspondence between key phenological events (mainly including start, end and length of growing season, and date with maximum greenness value) derived from Gcc, MODIS and VIIRS NDVI (EVI) for the period 2015-2018. The results showed that daily Gcc was in good agreement with ground-level environmental variables. Additionally, multivariate regression analysis identified that the grass growth in the study area was mainly affected by soil temperature and solar radiation, but not by air temperature. High frequency Gcc time series can respond immediately to precipitation events. In the same year, the phenological metrics retrieved from digital cameras and multiple satellites are similar, with spring phenology having a larger relative difference. There are distinct divergences between changing rates in the greenup and senescence stages. Gcc also shows a close relationship with growing degree days (GDD) derived from air temperature. This study evaluated the performance of a digital camera for monitoring vegetation phenological metrics and related climatic factors. This research will enable multiscale modeling of plant phenology and grassland resource management of temperate prairie ecosystems.  相似文献   

偏振激光雷达探测大气—水体光学参数廓线   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

周雨迪  刘东  徐沛拓  毛志华  陈鹏  刘志鹏  刘群  唐培钧  张与鹏  王雪霁  任佳炜  金时伟 《遥感学报》2019,23(1):108-115

激光雷达在上层水体垂直廓线的遥感中展现出巨大优势。本文研制了一套高垂直分辨率的实时探测偏振激光雷达,提出了一种基于偏振激光雷达回波信号的反演算法,采用Fernald理论和多次散射原理反演非均匀大气—水体的衰减和退偏光学产品,以高效稳定地处理偏振激光雷达实验数据。展示了一个中国内陆水体激光雷达探测实例,观测到了两次气溶胶积聚现象和一次水体浑浊现象。对实验数据的分析表明,退偏比主要由前向多次散射和后向单次散射产生的退偏两部分组成。当多次散射强度较大时,退偏比的变化主要取决于多次前向散射退偏;反之,则主要依赖于单次后向散射退偏。  相似文献   

激光测高数据辅助卫星成像几何模型精化处理     

曹宁  周平  王霞  唐新明  李国元 《遥感学报》2019,23(2):291-302

资源三号02星搭载了中国首个对地观测试验性激光测高载荷。借鉴目前较成熟的卫星影像区域网平差理论的基础上,结合近年来激光测高数据精度的大幅提升以及资源三号02星激光测高数据的特点,首次提出了激光测高数据辅助卫星立体影像进行成像几何模型精化处理的通用理论。首先,利用传统的区域网平差算法对所处理影像进行高精度连接点匹配处理,并对其进行无约束的自由网平差处理,获得高精度相对精度及不亚于原始成像几何模型的绝对精度;其次,根据激光测高数据3维坐标和精化后参考影像成像几何模型获取激光数据参考影像坐标;而后将参考影像坐标通过几何模型映射获取目标影像上待匹配影像坐标,通过连接点匹配算法,对待匹配目标影像坐标进行精化获取高精度像方同名点;最后,以同名点作为高程控制进行区域网平差计算,对影像成像几何模型进一步处理,获取高精度补偿参数。通过湖北、青海两测区的试验,以激光测高数据辅助卫星影像几何模型精化精度可分别达到1.97 m、3.23 m,结果表明本文提出的方法可有效提高卫星立体数据测图精度。  相似文献   

海表面温度时空变异特征及对验证误差影响     

蒋锦刚  徐曜  聂晨晖  潘骁骏  周斌 《遥感学报》2019,23(2):336-348

海洋要素的变化存在明显的区域性和季节性的变化特性,本文选择海洋要素中最为突出的海表面温度(SST)要素作为主要分析参数,设计时空变异参数的计算指标,分析时空变异对验证误差影响的关系,通过研究及试验的数据精度验证,证明了时空变异是造成误差的直接原因之一。强烈的时空属性变异,在验证过程中会引入很大的验证误差,处于不同变异等级区划的数据,其验证结果相对误差可达13.08%,变异越剧烈的区域,精度验证效果越差,验证误差就越大,这些误差并非完全是遥感产品的误差,验证结果不具有代表性,不能真实的反映遥感产品的误差特征。对于SST等海洋遥感产品验证时,需要考虑时空变异对验证误差的影响和贡献,合理选择验证试验区域、代表性的评价数据集和科学的评价方法。  相似文献   

Influence of Indian Ocean Dipole on Tropical Cyclone Activity over Western North Pacific in Boreal Autumn   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHOU Qun  WEI Lixin  ZHANG Runyu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(4)

In this study, we investigated the influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) on the interannual variability of tropical cyclone(TC) activity over the western North Pacific(WNP) during autumn(September–November) from 1961–2015. We found the number of TCs making landfall in China to be significantly negatively correlated with the IOD index, which can be attributed to shifts in the location of TC formation together with the abnormal steering flow at 500 hPa. During negative IOD autumns, TC genesis regions move obviously westward due to the westward retreat of the WNP monsoon trough. The TC activity is remarkably enhanced near South China coastal areas, which is due to a contiguous 500-hPa subtropical ridge. In contrast, during positive IOD autumns, TC genesis positions obviously shift eastward and more TCs tend to exhibit recurvature around 130?E or a westward path south of 15?N led by an equatorward movement of the 500-hPa subtropical ridge with a break near 125?E. In our examination of large-scale circula-tion, we found a pair of equator-symmetric anticyclones in the lower troposphere resulting from variations in the large-scale Walker circulation induced by the anomalous sea surface temperature(SST) associated with a positive IOD. The resulting Philippines anti-cyclonic anomalies are closely related to the variability of the monsoon trough over the WNP region. Furthermore, the variations in the steering flow can be explained by the suppressed(enhanced) convective activities around the Philippines and the weakened(strengthened) local meridional circulation over East Asia in positive(negative) IOD years.  相似文献   

利用水系沉积物高程定量恢复古地貌的技术方法——以鲁西白彦地区白彦砾岩为例          下载免费PDF全文

程光锁  于学峰  杨斌  胡戈  李兆营  周军  刘卫东  罗文强  马祥县 《山东国土资源》2019,35(9)

主要分析了构造抬升对水系和地形的影响和恢复,以从古生代灰岩围岩中大面积但零星出露的岩溶砾岩点为研究对象,对区域古水系和地形地貌恢复和反演做出了新的尝试。在收集资料和实测的基础上,尝试性探讨了利用稳定水体参照物高程反演抬升高度以及邻区山峰点的古高程、古水系,恢复区域上古地形地貌的技术方法。并以白彦地区为例,通过白彦岩溶砾岩的分布、产状、金刚石矿物含量、岩性等地质特征,恢复白彦地区古地形线、古水系位置和流向等古地理地貌,指出在白彦期时代,该区总体发育4个水系,邹城市大石墙水系、枣庄水系、平邑水系、费县水系,水系中金刚石含量较为丰富的砾岩点大多分布在凤凰山隆起中心,其中在平邑水系推测存在一个山地峡谷中的古湖泊。认为蒙山凸起中已知的常马庄地区的金伯利岩脉所含有金刚石可能主要供应平邑区水系,其他3个地区水系的金刚石可能来源于凤凰山及其东部隆起剥蚀地区。  相似文献   

益气养阴方治疗气阴两虚型慢性功能性便秘40例临床观察     

周峰  张旗  张永安 《应用海洋学学报》2018,34(5):5-7

目的：观察益气养阴方治疗气阴两虚型慢性功能性便秘的临床疗效。方法：将气阴两虚型慢性功能性便秘患者80例随机分为治疗组与对照组各40例。治疗组采用益气养阴方治疗，对照组采用枸橼酸莫沙必利分散片治疗，比较2组患者临床疗效及临床症状积分变化情况。结果：总有效率治疗组为90.0%，对照组为75.0%，2组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；2组临床症状积分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：益气养阴方治疗气阴两虚型慢性功能性便秘有较好的临床疗效。  相似文献   

Spatial Variations of b-Values in the Coastal Area of Guangdong     

ZHOU Pengxiang  XIA Shaohong  SUN Jinlong  CAO Jinghe  XU Huilong  ZHAO Fang  CHEN Chuanxu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,(1)

We used earthquake catalogs recorded by Guangdong Seismological Network from 2008 to 2014 to resolve the spatial variations of b-values in the coastal area of Guangdong, particularly in three key research areas(Yangjiang, Heyuan, and offshore Nanao Island) with strong seismicity. Our results revealed that b-values exhibited significant spatial variations, and zones with low b-values could indicate the most likely seismogenic area of large earthquakes. We observed three clear low b-value patches in the offshore Nanao Island. We found a distinct high b-value peak at the depth of 11 km and two minimum peaks at about 14 and 7–8 km in the Yangjiang area. The overall b-values generally decrease with depth in the Heyuan area. The spatial variations of b-values reflect tectonic anomalies; that is, the ‘low-high-low' distribution of b-values in the offshore Nanao Island and the Yangjiang area may indicate the anomaly of the crustal structure with a weak layer. The b-values of reservoir-induced seismicity are obviously lower than that induced by tectonism. This finding indicates that the reservoir area is generally at high stress state under the condition of high pore pressure. We inferred that large earthquakes might be prone to occur at 10–12 km depth in the offshore Nanao Island, at 12–15 km depth in the Yangjiang area, and at the lower part of the seismic activity zone in the Heyuan area. Moreover, the upstream area of the Xinfengjiang reservoir is the most likely area of future large earthquakes in the Heyuan area.  相似文献   

2016年夏季南海海盆水体颗粒物粒径分布特征*     

郑文迪  周雯  曹文熙  王桂芬  邓霖  徐文龙  许占堂  李彩  蔡建南 《热带海洋学报》2018,37(5):74-85

颗粒物粒径分布(Particle Size Distribution, PSD)代表了颗粒物浓度与颗粒物粒径之间的关系, 影响着海洋生态环境和水体光学特性等。文章基于2016年夏季航次调查的生物光学剖面数据, 研究了南海海盆海域PSD的分布特征。研究发现, 幂律函数可以较好地拟合南海海盆区域的PSD, 对数空间中的实测的PSD与模拟的PSD平均决定系数高达0.95。PSD斜率(ξ)的分布范围为[1.27, 7.65], 均值为3.93±0.56。南海海盆区域表层水体的ξ均值与全球大洋表层水体的ξ均值相近, 但高于海湾等表层水体的ξ均值。ξ能较好地表征颗粒物平均粒径D_A的大小, 两者存在明显负相关关系, 即ξ值越高, D_A越小; 反之, D_A越大。通过分析T1断面的生物光学剖面数据及总体平均的PSD剖面数据, 发现PSD剖面分布特征如下: 1)表层水体的ξ值相对较高, 且D_A值相对较低, 推测可能是由于微微型藻类为主导颗粒物所致; 2) ξ值极小值层出现在次表层叶绿素浓度极大值层(Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layer, SCML)中, 并伴随D_A极大值层的出现, 其原因可能是SCML中的大粒径浮游植物占比显著增加; 3)弱光层中的ξ值较SCML中的高, 但略低于表层的ξ值, 而D_A则位于表层与SCML的D_A之间, 这可能与浮游植物及其碎屑的絮凝、分解、沉降等过程相关。PSD特征影响着海水的固有光学特性, 分析发现: 由于SCML中的叶绿素浓度增加, 颗粒物散射系数(b_p(532))和颗粒物后向散射系数(b_bp(532))也相应呈现显著增加的趋势。弱光层中的平均b_p(532)与平均b_bp(532)最小。ξ与颗粒物衰减光谱斜率之间呈高分散性, Boss 等(2001b)的模型适合用于粗略估算区域性的ξ分布范围及均值。  相似文献   

大别山及其周边现今垂直形变研究     

宋尚武  王庆良  郝明  周琳  刘立炜  胡亚轩 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(1):32-35

基于1980年、2005年和2015年3期区域精密水准网观测资料，利用线性动态平差模型计算获取大别山地区水准网长期垂直运动速度场图像。研究发现，淮河平原地表下沉较为严重，大别山呈现弱隆升趋势运动，长江谷地边缘地区较大别山区呈现明显的隆升运动。跨郯庐断裂带水准剖面结果显示，垂直运动与地形呈负相关和弱相关。  相似文献